Answers

Kavita Mukharji
Jul 31, 2020

Primary succession rocks The species of organisms that first invade a bare area are called pioneer species. The pioneer species on a bare rock are usually lichens. Lichens  secrete acids which dissolve rocks, thereby leading to weathering and soil formation. This paves the way for small plants or bryophytes which hold the soil. They are  succeeded by bigger plants and ultimately an entire forest gets established. Forests represent the climax community in this succession.